CHIRP

# Quansheng UV-K5 driver (c) 2023 Jacek Lipkowski <sq5bpf@lipkowski.org>

# Adapted For UV-K5 EGZUMER custom software By EGZUMER, JOC2

# Re-Adapted For UV-K5 EGZUMER/F4HWN custom software By JOC2

#

# based on template.py Copyright 2012 Dan Smith <dsmith@danplanet.com>

#

#

# This is a preliminary version of a driver for the UV-K5

# It is based on my reverse engineering effort described here:

# https://github.com/sq5bpf/uvk5-reverse-engineering

#

# Warning: this driver is experimental, it may brick your radio,

# eat your lunch and mess up your configuration.

#

#

# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

# change/ modification

#

# 2024-02-09 :section password has been commented, because the new chirp give error with int.

# 2024-02-18 : a bug fix has been remove, that seem not work under mac os.. under investigation..

#              search for (bugfix calibration)

import struct

import logging

import wx

from chirp import chirp_common, directory, bitwise, memmap, errors, util

from chirp.settings import RadioSetting, RadioSettingGroup, \

    RadioSettingValueBoolean, RadioSettingValueList, \

    RadioSettingValueInteger, RadioSettingValueString, \

    RadioSettings, InvalidValueError

LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Show the obfuscated version of commands. Not needed normally, but

# might be useful for someone who is debugging a similar radio

DEBUG_SHOW_OBFUSCATED_COMMANDS = False

# Show the memory being written/received. Not needed normally, because

# this is the same information as in the packet hexdumps, but

# might be useful for someone debugging some obscure memory issue

DEBUG_SHOW_MEMORY_ACTIONS = False

# TODO: remove the driver version when it's in mainline chirp 

DRIVER_VERSION = "Quansheng UV-K5/K6/5R driver ver: 2024/03/29 (c) EGZUMER + F4HWN v2.4.0"

FIRMWARE_DRIVER_VERSION_UPDATE = "https://github.com/armel/uv-k5-firmware-custom-feat-F4HWN"

CHIRP_DRIVER_VERSION_UPDATE = "https://github.com/armel/uv-k5-chirp-driver"

VALEUR_COMPILER = "ENABLE"

MEM_FORMAT = """

//#seekto 0x0000;

struct {

  ul32 freq;

  ul32 offset;

// 0x08

  u8 rxcode;

  u8 txcode;

// 0x0A

  u8 txcodeflag:4,

  rxcodeflag:4;

// 0x0B

  u8 modulation:4,

  offsetDir:4;

// 0x0C

  u8 __UNUSED1:3,

  busyChLockout:1,

  txpower:2,

  bandwidth:1,

  freq_reverse:1;

  // 0x0D

  u8 __UNUSED2:4,

  dtmf_pttid:3,

  dtmf_decode:1;

  // 0x0E

  u8 step;

  u8 scrambler;

} channel[214];

//#seekto 0xd60;

struct {

u8 is_scanlist1:1,

is_scanlist2:1,

compander:2,

is_free:1,

band:3;

} ch_attr[207];

#seekto 0xe40;

ul16 fmfreq[20];

#seekto 0xe70;

u8 call_channel;

u8 squelch;

u8 max_talk_time;

u8 noaa_autoscan;

u8 key_lock;

u8 vox_switch;

u8 vox_level;

u8 mic_gain;

u8 backlight_min:4,

backlight_max:4;

u8 channel_display_mode;

u8 crossband;

u8 battery_save;

u8 dual_watch;

u8 backlight_time;

u8 ste;

u8 freq_mode_allowed;

#seekto 0xe80;

u8 ScreenChannel_A;

u8 MrChannel_A;

u8 FreqChannel_A;

u8 ScreenChannel_B;

u8 MrChannel_B;

u8 FreqChannel_B;

u8 NoaaChannel_A;

u8 NoaaChannel_B;

#seekto 0xe90;

u8 keyM_longpress_action:7,

    button_beep:1;

u8 key1_shortpress_action;

u8 key1_longpress_action;

u8 key2_shortpress_action;

u8 key2_longpress_action;

u8 scan_resume_mode;

u8 auto_keypad_lock;

u8 power_on_dispmode;

ul32 password;

#seekto 0xea0;

u8 voice;

u8 s0_level;

u8 s9_level;

#seekto 0xea8;

u8 alarm_mode;

u8 roger_beep;

u8 rp_ste;

u8 TX_VFO;

u8 Battery_type;

#seekto 0xeb0;

char logo_line1[16];

char logo_line2[16];

//#seekto 0xed0;

struct {

    u8 side_tone;

    char separate_code;

    char group_call_code;

    u8 decode_response;

    u8 auto_reset_time;

    u8 preload_time;

    u8 first_code_persist_time;

    u8 hash_persist_time;

    u8 code_persist_time;

    u8 code_interval_time;

    u8 permit_remote_kill;

    #seekto 0xee0;

    char local_code[3];

    #seek 5;

    char kill_code[5];

    #seek 3;

    char revive_code[5];

    #seek 3;

    char up_code[16];

    char down_code[16];

} dtmf;

//#seekto 0xf18;

u8 slDef;

u8 sl1PriorEnab;

u8 sl1PriorCh1;

u8 sl1PriorCh2;

u8 sl2PriorEnab;

u8 sl2PriorCh1;

u8 sl2PriorCh2;

#seekto 0xf40;

u8 int_flock;

u8 int_350tx;

u8 int_KILLED;

u8 int_200tx;

u8 int_500tx;

u8 int_350en;

u8 int_scren;

u8  backlight_on_TX_RX:2,

    AM_fix:1,

    mic_bar:1,

    battery_text:2,

    live_DTMF_decoder:1,

    unknown:1;

#seekto 0xf50;

struct {

char name[16];

} channelname[200];

#seekto 0x1c00;

struct {

char name[8];

char number[3];

#seek 5;

} dtmfcontact[16];

struct {

    struct {

        #seekto 0x1E00;

        u8 openRssiThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E10;

        u8 closeRssiThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E20;

        u8 openNoiseThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E30;

        u8 closeNoiseThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E40;

        u8 closeGlitchThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E50;

        u8 openGlitchThr[10];

    } sqlBand4_7;

    struct {

        #seekto 0x1E60;

        u8 openRssiThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E70;

        u8 closeRssiThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E80;

        u8 openNoiseThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1E90;

        u8 closeNoiseThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1EA0;

        u8 closeGlitchThr[10];

        #seekto 0x1EB0;

        u8 openGlitchThr[10];

    } sqlBand1_3;

    #seekto 0x1EC0;

    struct {

        ul16 level1;

        ul16 level2;

        ul16 level4;

        ul16 level6;

    } rssiLevelsBands3_7;

    struct {

        ul16 level1;

        ul16 level2;

        ul16 level4;

        ul16 level6;

    } rssiLevelsBands1_2;

    struct {

        struct {

            u8 lower;

            u8 center;

            u8 upper;

        } low;

        struct {

            u8 lower;

            u8 center;

            u8 upper;

        } mid;

        struct {

            u8 lower;

            u8 center;

            u8 upper;

        } hi;

        #seek 7;

    } txp[7];

    #seekto 0x1F40;

    ul16 batLvl[6];

    #seekto 0x1F50;

    ul16 vox1Thr[10];

    #seekto 0x1F68;

    ul16 vox0Thr[10];

    #seekto 0x1F80;

    u8 micLevel[5];

    #seekto 0x1F88;

    il16 xtalFreqLow;

    #seekto 0x1F8E;

    u8 volumeGain;

    u8 dacGain;

} cal;

#seekto 0x1FF0;

struct {

u8 ENABLE_DTMF_CALLING:1,

   ENABLE_PWRON_PASSWORD:1,

   ENABLE_TX1750:1,

   ENABLE_ALARM:1,

   ENABLE_VOX:1,

   ENABLE_VOICE:1,

   ENABLE_NOAA:1,

   ENABLE_FMRADIO:1;

u8 __UNUSED:3,

   ENABLE_AM_FIX:1,

   ENABLE_BLMIN_TMP_OFF:1,

   ENABLE_RAW_DEMODULATORS:1,

   ENABLE_WIDE_RX:1,

   ENABLE_FLASHLIGHT:1;

} BUILD_OPTIONS;

#seekto 0x1FF2;

u8 eeprom0x1ff2;

u8 eeprom0x1ff3;

u8 eeprom0x1ff4;

u8 set_gui:1,

set_met:1,

set_lck:1,

set_inv:1,

set_contrast:4;

u8 set_tot:4,

set_eot:4;

u8 set_low:4,

set_ptt:4;

u8 eeprom0x1ff8;

u8 eeprom0x1ff9;

u8 eeprom0x1ffa;

u8 eeprom0x1ffb;

u8 eeprom0x1ffc;

u8 eeprom0x1ffd;

u8 eeprom0x1ffe;

u8 eeprom0x1fff;

"""

# flags1

FLAGS1_OFFSET_NONE = 0b00

FLAGS1_OFFSET_MINUS = 0b10

FLAGS1_OFFSET_PLUS = 0b01

POWER_HIGH = 0b10

POWER_MEDIUM = 0b01

POWER_LOW = 0b00

# SET_LOW_POWER f4hwn

SET_LOW_LIST = [ "< 20mW", "125mW", "250mW", "500mW", "1W"]

# SET_PTT f4hwn

SET_PTT_LIST = ["CLASSIC", "ONEPUSH"]

# SET_TOT and SET_EOT f4hwn

SET_TOT_EOT_LIST = ["OFF", "SOUND", "VISUAL", "ALL"]

# SET_OFF_ON f4hwn

SET_OFF_ON_LIST = ["OFF", "ON"]

# SET_lck f4hwn

SET_LCK_LIST = ["KEYS", "KEYS+PTT"]

# SET_MET SET_GUI f4hwn

SET_MET_LIST = ["TINY", "CLASSIC"]

# dtmf_flags

PTTID_LIST = ["OFF", "UP CODE", "DOWN CODE", "UP+DOWN CODE", "APOLLO QUINDAR"]

# power

UVK5_POWER_LEVELS = [chirp_common.PowerLevel("Low",  watts=1.50),

                     chirp_common.PowerLevel("Med",  watts=3.00),

                     chirp_common.PowerLevel("High", watts=5.00),

                     ]

# scrambler

SCRAMBLER_LIST = ["OFF", "2600Hz", "2700Hz", "2800Hz", "2900Hz", "3000Hz",

                  "3100Hz", "3200Hz", "3300Hz", "3400Hz", "3500Hz"]

# compander

COMPANDER_LIST = ["OFF", "TX", "RX", "TX/RX"]

# rx mode

RXMODE_LIST = ["MAIN ONLY", "DUAL RX RESPOND", "CROSS BAND", "MAIN TX DUAL RX"]

# channel display mode

CHANNELDISP_LIST = ["Frequency (FREQ)", "CHANNEL NUMBER", "NAME", "Name + Frequency (NAME + FREQ)"]

# TalkTime

TALK_TIME_LIST = ["30 sec", "1 min", "2 min", "3 min", "4 min", "5 min",

                  "6 min", "7 min", "8 min", "9 min", "15 min"]

# Auto Keypad Lock

AUTO_KEYPAD_LOCK_LIST = ["OFF", "AUTO"]

# battery save

BATSAVE_LIST = ["OFF", "1:1", "1:2", "1:3", "1:4"]

# battery type

BATTYPE_LIST = ["1600 mAh", "2200 mAh"]

# bat txt

BAT_TXT_LIST = ["NONE", "VOLTAGE", "PERCENT"]

# Backlight auto mode

BACKLIGHT_LIST = ["OFF", "5 sec", "10 sec", "20 sec", "1 min", "2 min", "4 min",

                  "Always On (ON)"]

# Backlight LVL

BACKLIGHT_LVL_LIST = ["0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10"]

# Backlight _TX_RX_LIST

BACKLIGHT_TX_RX_LIST = ["OFF", "TX", "RX", "TX/RX"]

# steps TODO: change order

STEPS = [2.5, 5, 6.25, 10, 12.5, 25, 8.33, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.25,

         9, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, 125, 200, 250, 500]

# ctcss/dcs codes

TMODES = ["", "Tone", "DTCS", "DTCS"]

TONE_NONE = 0

TONE_CTCSS = 1

TONE_DCS = 2

TONE_RDCS = 3

CTCSS_TONES = [

    67.0, 69.3, 71.9, 74.4, 77.0, 79.7, 82.5, 85.4,

    88.5, 91.5, 94.8, 97.4, 100.0, 103.5, 107.2, 110.9,

    114.8, 118.8, 123.0, 127.3, 131.8, 136.5, 141.3, 146.2,

    151.4, 156.7, 159.8, 162.2, 165.5, 167.9, 171.3, 173.8,

    177.3, 179.9, 183.5, 186.2, 189.9, 192.8, 196.6, 199.5,

    203.5, 206.5, 210.7, 218.1, 225.7, 229.1, 233.6, 241.8,

    250.3, 254.1

]

# lifted from ft4.py

DTCS_CODES = [  # TODO: add negative codes

    23,  25,  26,  31,  32,  36,  43,  47,  51,  53,  54,

    65,  71,  72,  73,  74,  114, 115, 116, 122, 125, 131,

    132, 134, 143, 145, 152, 155, 156, 162, 165, 172, 174,

    205, 212, 223, 225, 226, 243, 244, 245, 246, 251, 252,

    255, 261, 263, 265, 266, 271, 274, 306, 311, 315, 325,

    331, 332, 343, 346, 351, 356, 364, 365, 371, 411, 412,

    413, 423, 431, 432, 445, 446, 452, 454, 455, 462, 464,

    465, 466, 503, 506, 516, 523, 526, 532, 546, 565, 606,

    612, 624, 627, 631, 632, 654, 662, 664, 703, 712, 723,

    731, 732, 734, 743, 754

]

# flock list extended

FLOCK_LIST = ["DEFAULT+ (137-174, 400-470 + Tx200, Tx350, Tx500)",

              "FCC HAM (144-148, 420-450)",

              "CE HAM (144-146, 430-440)",

              "GB HAM (144-148, 430-440)",

              "137-174, 400-430",

              "137-174, 400-438",

              "Disable All",

              "Unlock All"]

SCANRESUME_LIST = ["Listen 5 seconds and resume (TIMEOUT)",

                   "Listen until signal disapears (CARRIER)",

                   "Stop scanning after receiving a signal (STOP)"]

WELCOME_LIST = ["Message line 1,Voltage,Sound (ALL)", "Make a 2 short sound (SOUND)", "User message line 1 and line 2 (MESSAGE)", "Battery voltage (VOLTAGE)", "NONE"]

VOICE_LIST = ["OFF", "Chinese", "English"]

# ACTIVE CHANNEL

TX_VFO_LIST = ["A", "B"]

ALARMMODE_LIST = ["SITE", "TONE"]

ROGER_LIST = ["OFF", "Roger beep (ROGER)", "MDC data burst (MDC)"]

RTE_LIST = ["OFF", "100ms", "200ms", "300ms", "400ms",

            "500ms", "600ms", "700ms", "800ms", "900ms", "1000ms"]

VOX_LIST = ["OFF", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10"]

MEM_SIZE = 0x2000  # size of all memory

PROG_SIZE = 0x1d00  # size of the memory that we will write

MEM_BLOCK = 0x80  # largest block of memory that we can reliably write

CAL_START = 0x1E00  # calibration memory start address

F4HWN_START =0x1FF2 # calibration F4HWN memory start address

# fm radio supported frequencies

FMMIN = 76.0

FMMAX = 108.0

# bands supported by the UV-K5

BANDS_STANDARD = {

        0: [50.0, 76.0],

        1: [108.0, 136.9999],

        2: [137.0, 173.9999],

        3: [174.0, 349.9999],

        4: [350.0, 399.9999],

        5: [400.0, 469.9999],

        6: [470.0, 600.0]

        }

BANDS_WIDE = {

        0: [18.0, 108.0],

        1: [108.0, 136.9999],

        2: [137.0, 173.9999],

        3: [174.0, 349.9999],

        4: [350.0, 399.9999],

        5: [400.0, 469.9999],

        6: [470.0, 1300.0]

        }

SCANLIST_LIST = ["None", "List1", "List2", "Both"]

SCANLIST_SELECT_LIST = ["LIST 1", "LIST 2", "All Channel (ALL)"]

DTMF_CHARS = "0123456789ABCD*# "

DTMF_CHARS_ID = "0123456789ABCDabcd"

DTMF_CHARS_KILL = "0123456789ABCDabcd"

DTMF_CHARS_UPDOWN = "0123456789ABCDabcd#* "

DTMF_CODE_CHARS = "ABCD*# "

DTMF_DECODE_RESPONSE_LIST = ["DO NOTHING", "Local ringing (RING)", "Replay response (REPLY)",

                             "Local ringing + reply response (BOTH)"]

KEYACTIONS_LIST = ["NONE",

                   "FLASHLIGHT",

                   "POWER",

                   "MONITOR",

                   "SCAN",

                   "Voice detection (VOX)",

                   "ALARM",

                   "FM RADIO",

                   "1750Hz TONE",

                   "LOCK KEYPAD",

                   "Switch main VFO (SWITCH VFO)",

                   "Switch frequency/memory mode (VFO/MR)",

                   "Switch demodulation (SWITCH DEMODUL)",

                   "Put the backlight OFF temporarily (BL_MIN_TMP_OFF)",

                   "Change RxMode: *Main only,*Dual RX,*Cross Band,*TX Dual RX (SWITCH RX MODE)",

                   "Toggle CLASSIC to ONE PUSH ptt (SWITCH PTT)",                   

                   "SWITCH WIDE NARROW"

                  ]

MIC_GAIN_LIST = ["+1.1dB", "+4.0dB", "+8.0dB", "+12.0dB", "+15.1dB"]

def xorarr(data: bytes):

    """the communication is obfuscated using this fine mechanism"""

    tbl = [22, 108, 20, 230, 46, 145, 13, 64, 33, 53, 213, 64, 19, 3, 233, 128]

    ret = b""

    idx = 0

    for byte in data:

        ret += bytes([byte ^ tbl[idx]])

        idx = (idx+1) % len(tbl)

    return ret

def calculate_crc16_xmodem(data: bytes):

    """

    if this crc was used for communication to AND from the radio, then it

    would be a measure to increase reliability.

    but it's only used towards the radio, so it's for further obfuscation

    """

    poly = 0x1021

    crc = 0x0

    for byte in data:

        crc = crc ^ (byte << 8)

        for _ in range(8):

            crc = crc << 1

            if crc & 0x10000:

                crc = (crc ^ poly) & 0xFFFF

    return crc & 0xFFFF

def _send_command(serport, data: bytes):

    """Send a command to UV-K5 radio"""

    LOG.debug("Sending command (unobfuscated) len=0x%4.4x:\n%s",

              len(data), util.hexprint(data))

    crc = calculate_crc16_xmodem(data)

    data2 = data + struct.pack("<H", crc)

    command = struct.pack(">HBB", 0xabcd, len(data), 0) + \

        xorarr(data2) + \

        struct.pack(">H", 0xdcba)

    if DEBUG_SHOW_OBFUSCATED_COMMANDS:

        LOG.debug("Sending command (obfuscated):\n%s", util.hexprint(command))

    try:

        result = serport.write(command)

    except Exception as e:

        raise errors.RadioError("Error writing data to radio") from e

    return result

def _receive_reply(serport):

    header = serport.read(4)

    if len(header) != 4:

        LOG.warning("Header short read: [%s] len=%i",

                    util.hexprint(header), len(header))

        raise errors.RadioError("Header short read")

    if header[0] != 0xAB or header[1] != 0xCD or header[3] != 0x00:

        LOG.warning("Bad response header: %s len=%i",

                    util.hexprint(header), len(header))

        raise errors.RadioError("Bad response header")

    cmd = serport.read(int(header[2]))

    if len(cmd) != int(header[2]):

        LOG.warning("Body short read: [%s] len=%i",

                    util.hexprint(cmd), len(cmd))

        raise errors.RadioError("Command body short read")

    footer = serport.read(4)

    if len(footer) != 4:

        LOG.warning("Footer short read: [%s] len=%i",

                    util.hexprint(footer), len(footer))

        raise errors.RadioError("Footer short read")

    if footer[2] != 0xDC or footer[3] != 0xBA:

        LOG.debug("Reply before bad response footer (obfuscated)"

                  "len=0x%4.4x:\n%s", len(cmd), util.hexprint(cmd))

        LOG.warning("Bad response footer: %s len=%i",

                    util.hexprint(footer), len(footer))

        raise errors.RadioError("Bad response footer")

    if DEBUG_SHOW_OBFUSCATED_COMMANDS:

        LOG.debug("Received reply (obfuscated) len=0x%4.4x:\n%s",

                  len(cmd), util.hexprint(cmd))

    cmd2 = xorarr(cmd)

    LOG.debug("Received reply (unobfuscated) len=0x%4.4x:\n%s",

              len(cmd2), util.hexprint(cmd2))

    return cmd2

def _getstring(data: bytes, begin, maxlen):

    tmplen = min(maxlen+1, len(data))

    ss = [data[i] for i in range(begin, tmplen)]

    key = 0

    for key, val in enumerate(ss):

        if val < ord(' ') or val > ord('~'):

            return ''.join(chr(x) for x in ss[0:key])

    return ''

def _sayhello(serport):

    hellopacket = b"\x14\x05\x04\x00\x6a\x39\x57\x64"

    tries = 5

    while True:

        LOG.debug("Sending hello packet")

        _send_command(serport, hellopacket)

        rep = _receive_reply(serport)

        if rep:

            break

        tries -= 1

        if tries == 0:

            LOG.warning("Failed to initialise radio")

            raise errors.RadioError("Failed to initialize radio")

    if rep.startswith(b'\x18\x05'):

        raise errors.RadioError("Radio is in programming mode, "

                                "restart radio into normal mode")

    firmware = _getstring(rep, 4, 24)

    LOG.info("Found firmware: %s", firmware)

    return firmware

def _readmem(serport, offset, length):

    LOG.debug("Sending readmem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%4.4x", offset, length)

    readmem = b"\x1b\x05\x08\x00" + \

        struct.pack("<HBB", offset, length, 0) + \

        b"\x6a\x39\x57\x64"

    _send_command(serport, readmem)

    rep = _receive_reply(serport)

    if DEBUG_SHOW_MEMORY_ACTIONS:

        LOG.debug("readmem Received data len=0x%4.4x:\n%s",

                  len(rep), util.hexprint(rep))

    return rep[8:]

def _writemem(serport, data, offset):

    LOG.debug("Sending writemem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%4.4x",

              offset, len(data))

    if DEBUG_SHOW_MEMORY_ACTIONS:

        LOG.debug("writemem sent data offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%4.4x:\n%s",

                  offset, len(data), util.hexprint(data))

    dlen = len(data)

    writemem = b"\x1d\x05" + \

        struct.pack("<BBHBB", dlen+8, 0, offset, dlen, 1) + \

        b"\x6a\x39\x57\x64"+data

    _send_command(serport, writemem)

    rep = _receive_reply(serport)

    LOG.debug("writemem Received data: %s len=%i",

              util.hexprint(rep), len(rep))

    if (rep[0] == 0x1e and

       rep[4] == (offset & 0xff) and

       rep[5] == (offset >> 8) & 0xff):

        return True

    LOG.warning("Bad data from writemem")

    raise errors.RadioError("Bad response to writemem")

def _resetradio(serport):

    resetpacket = b"\xdd\x05\x00\x00"

    _send_command(serport, resetpacket)

def do_download(radio):

    """download eeprom from radio"""

    serport = radio.pipe

    serport.timeout = 0.5

    status = chirp_common.Status()

    status.cur = 0

    status.max = MEM_SIZE

    status.msg = "Downloading from radio"

    radio.status_fn(status)

    eeprom = b""

    f = _sayhello(serport)

    if f:

        radio.FIRMWARE_VERSION = f

    else:

        raise errors.RadioError("Failed to initialize radio")

    addr = 0

    while addr < MEM_SIZE:

        data = _readmem(serport, addr, MEM_BLOCK)

        status.cur = addr

        radio.status_fn(status)

        if data and len(data) == MEM_BLOCK:

            eeprom += data

            addr += MEM_BLOCK

        else:

            raise errors.RadioError("Memory download incomplete")

    return memmap.MemoryMapBytes(eeprom)

def do_upload(radio):

    """upload configuration to radio eeprom"""

    serport = radio.pipe

    serport.timeout = 0.5

    status = chirp_common.Status()

    status.cur = 0

    status.msg = "Uploading to radio"

    if radio.upload_f4hwn:

        status.max = MEM_SIZE-F4HWN_START

        start_addr = F4HWN_START

        stop_addr = MEM_SIZE

    else:    

        if radio.upload_calibration:

            status.max = F4HWN_START-CAL_START

            start_addr = CAL_START

            stop_addr = F4HWN_START

        else:

            status.max = PROG_SIZE

            start_addr = 0

            stop_addr = PROG_SIZE

    radio.status_fn(status)

    f = _sayhello(serport)

    if f:

        radio.FIRMWARE_VERSION = f

    else:

        return False

    addr = start_addr

    while addr < stop_addr:

        dat = radio.get_mmap()[addr:addr+MEM_BLOCK]

        _writemem(serport, dat, addr)

        status.cur = addr - start_addr

        radio.status_fn(status)

        if dat:

            addr += MEM_BLOCK

        else:

            raise errors.RadioError("Memory upload incomplete")

    status.msg = "Uploaded OK"

    _resetradio(serport)

    return True

def min_max_def(value, min_val, max_val, default):

    """returns value if in bounds or default otherwise"""

    if min_val is not None and value < min_val:

        return default

    if max_val is not None and value > max_val:

        return default

    return value

def list_def(value, lst, default):

    """return value if is in the list, default otherwise"""

    if isinstance(default, str):

        default = lst.index(default)

    if value < 0 or value >= len(lst):

        return default

    return value

@directory.register

class UVK5RadioEgzumer(chirp_common.CloneModeRadio):

    """Quansheng UV-K5 (egzumer + f4hwn)"""

    VENDOR = "Quansheng"

    MODEL = "UV-K5 (egzumer + f4hwn)"

    BAUD_RATE = 38400

    NEEDS_COMPAT_SERIAL = False

    FIRMWARE_VERSION = ""

# this change to send power level chan in the calibration but under macos it give error

# bugfix calibration : put in comment next line: upload_calibration = False

    upload_calibration = False

    upload_f4hwn = False

    def _get_bands(self):

        is_wide = self._memobj.BUILD_OPTIONS.ENABLE_WIDE_RX \

            if self._memobj is not None else True

        bands = BANDS_WIDE if is_wide else BANDS_STANDARD

        return bands

    def _find_band(self, hz):

        mhz = hz/1000000.0

        bands = self._get_bands()

        for bnd, rng in bands.items():

            if rng[0] <= mhz <= rng[1]:

                return bnd

        return False

    def _get_vfo_channel_names(self):

        """generates VFO_CHANNEL_NAMES"""

        bands = self._get_bands()

        names = []

        for bnd, rng in bands.items():

            name = f"F{bnd + 1}({round(rng[0])}M-{round(rng[1])}M)"

            names.append(name + "A")

            names.append(name + "B")

        return names

    def _get_specials(self):

        """generates SPECIALS"""

        specials = {}

        for idx, name in enumerate(self._get_vfo_channel_names()):

            specials[name] = 200 + idx

        return specials

    @classmethod

    def get_prompts(cls):

        rp = chirp_common.RadioPrompts()

        rp.experimental = \

            'This is an experimental driver for the Quansheng UV-K5. ' \

            'It may harm your radio, or worse. Use at your own risk.\n\n' \

            'Before attempting to do any changes please download' \

            'the memory image from the radio with chirp ' \

            'and keep it. This can be later used to recover the ' \

            'original settings. \n\n' \

            'some details are not yet implemented'

        rp.pre_download = \

            "1. Turn radio on.\n" \

            "2. Connect cable to mic/spkr connector.\n" \

            "3. Make sure connector is firmly connected.\n" \

            "4. Click OK to download image from device.\n\n" \

            "It may not work if you turn on the radio " \

            "with the cable already attached\n"

        rp.pre_upload = \

            "1. Turn radio on.\n" \

            "2. Connect cable to mic/spkr connector.\n" \

            "3. Make sure connector is firmly connected.\n" \

            "4. Click OK to upload the image to device.\n\n" \

            "It may not work if you turn on the radio " \

            "with the cable already attached"

        return rp

    # Return information about this radio's features, including

    # how many memories it has, what bands it supports, etc

    def get_features(self):

        rf = chirp_common.RadioFeatures()

        rf.has_bank = False

        rf.valid_dtcs_codes = DTCS_CODES

        rf.has_rx_dtcs = True

        rf.has_ctone = True

        rf.has_settings = True

        rf.has_comment = False

        rf.valid_name_length = 10

        rf.valid_power_levels = UVK5_POWER_LEVELS

        rf.valid_special_chans = self._get_vfo_channel_names()

        rf.valid_duplexes = ["", "-", "+", "off"]

        steps = STEPS.copy()

        steps.sort()

        rf.valid_tuning_steps = steps

        rf.valid_tmodes = ["", "Tone", "TSQL", "DTCS", "Cross"]

        rf.valid_cross_modes = ["Tone->Tone", "Tone->DTCS", "DTCS->Tone",

                                "->Tone", "->DTCS", "DTCS->", "DTCS->DTCS"]

        rf.valid_characters = chirp_common.CHARSET_ASCII

        rf.valid_modes = ["FM", "NFM", "AM", "NAM", "USB"]

        rf.valid_skips = [""]

        # This radio supports memories 1-200, 201-214 are the VFO memories

        rf.memory_bounds = (1, 200)

        # This is what the BK4819 chip supports

        # Will leave it in a comment, might be useful someday